Bacteria Relationships - Bacteria and Humans

Bacteria Relationships - Bacteria and Humans Bacteria are all around us and most people only consider these prokaryotic organisms to be disease-causing parasites. While it is true that some bacteria are responsible for a large number of human diseases, others play a vital role in necessary human functions such as digestion. Bacteria also make it possible for certain elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen to be returned to the atmosphere. These bacteria ensure that the cycle of chemical exchange between organisms and their environment is continuous. Life as we know it would not exist without bacteria to decompose waste and dead organisms, thus playing a key role in the flow of energy in environmental food chains. Are Bacteria Friend or Foe? The decision as to whether bacteria are friend or foe becomes more difficult when both the positive and negative aspects of the relationship between humans and bacteria are considered. There are three types of symbiotic relationships in which humans and bacteria coexist. The types of symbiosis are termed commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism. Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism is a relationship that is beneficial to the bacteria but does not help or harm the host. Most commensal bacteria reside on epithelial surfaces that come in contact with the external environment. They are commonly found on the skin, as well as in the respiratory tract and the gastrointestinal tract. Commensal bacteria acquire nutrients and a place to live and grow from their host. In some instances, commensal bacteria may become pathogenic and cause disease, or they may provide a benefit for the host. In a mutualistic relationship, both the bacteria and the host benefit. For example, there are several kinds of bacteria that live on the skin and inside the mouth, nose, throat, and intestines of humans and animals. These bacteria receive a place to live and feed while keeping other harmful microbes from taking up residence. Bacteria in the digestive system assist in nutrient metabolism, vitamin production, and waste processing. They also aid in the hosts immune system response to pathogenic bacteria. Most of the bacteria that reside within humans are either mutual or commensal. A parasitic relationship is one in which the bacteria benefit while the host is harmed. Pathogenic parasites, which cause disease, do so by resisting the hosts defenses and growing at the expense of the host. These bacteria produce poisonous substances called endotoxins and exotoxins, which are responsible for the symptoms that occur with an illness. Disease-causing bacteria are responsible for a number of diseases including meningitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and several types of food-borne diseases. Bacteria: Helpful or Harmful? When all of the facts are considered, bacteria are more helpful than harmful. Humans have exploited bacteria for a wide variety of uses. Such uses include making cheese and butter, decomposing waste in sewage plants, and developing antibiotics. Scientists are even exploring ways for storing data on bacteria. Bacteria are extremely resilient and some are capable of living in the most extreme environments. Bacteria have demonstrated that they are able to survive without us, but we could not live without them.

You can Judge a Society by how well it treats its Prisoners Essay Example

You can Judge a Society by how well it treats its Prisoners Essay Example You can Judge a Society by how well it treats its Prisoners Essay You can Judge a Society by how well it treats its Prisoners Essay Essay Topic: Everything I Never Told You This says a lot about how Canada is governed; by the way Canada treats its prisoners, its impel to see that this is a country of forgiveness rather that punishment. Food Dostoevsky once stated You can judge a society by how well it treats its prisoners. This statement is correct as it can be seen that there in fact is a correlation between how well governed a society is. Countries with similar incentives for their prisoners as Canada, such as Sweden and its other Scandinavian neighbors tend to be more peaceful and have better international relations throughout the world. The complete opposite can be said for those countries that dont share the same or similar views as Canada, goes, this goes for countries such as Russia and North Korea. Scandinavian countries have been known to be some of the best countries in the world to live in. With that being said, it comes as no surprise they also have some of the very best prisons with very little re-offense rates. Semolina Island has hosted an open prison since 1971. An open prison is one in which prisoners are able to go into neighboring towns to do a number of various things such as school and work (Larson, 2013). The prison houses around 95 men who are serving time for crimes such as assault, drug refraining, theft and even murder. Though these crimes are severe, all of these 95 men on track to be released. These men are able to have luxuries such as TVs, sound system and even mini fridges in their cell blocks (Larson, 2013). Under electrical monitoring these men are able to visit with their families in the main land of Helsinki with no actual human supervision (Larson, 2013). The guards of the prison carry no weapons, pepper spray, or anything that could potentially cause bodily harm to one on the inmates (Larson, 2013). To many this does not seem like the ideal prison as in most Mounties including the United States most people are used to prisons being unbreakable walls with barred cells and guards carrying weapons and ready to use them at any time they feel necessary. However this shares something in common with the minimum security facilities in Canada. Like in the open prison setting, the minimum security prisons house inmates in small little houses where inmates have responsibilities such as laundry, grocery shopping and managing a budget. This is to give them the necessary skills that they will need in order to become a functioning member of society. Traditional prisons do not do much in the rehabilitation of criminal as they are expected to be kept in a cell where they are told when to eat, sleep, wake up and do the same cycle over again. Little to no responsibility is placed on the prisoner which correlates into higher re-offense rates. When these men and women are released back into a society they have been so detached fro for long periods of time, they are unable to properly function thus resulting them returning to crime. The United States known for having some of the worst prisons in the world, to no surprise they also have one of the highest e-offense rates in the world also thus showing that traditional prisons with the barred cells and unbreakable walls are not the most effective means of reducing references. Many may wonder how it is even possible for open prisons to be opened and upheld in society. The answer to that would be because there is hardly ever debate on criminal justice policy in countries such as these (Larson, 2013). The decisions are left to professionals that have done years of extensive research on how to best operate their prison system, thus resulting in the creation of this open prison concept (Larson, 2013). This method of selecting how exactly the prison system will be run seems to work quite well for the Scandinavians as they have had no problems with this concept in its 44 year existence. The inmates have not hurt anyone in the whole existence of the open prison therefore there is no reason to change a good thing. The treatment of inmates in Scandinavian countries shows just how much they actually care about their population as a whole. Scandinavian countries are always among the top ranked countries to live in and this is partly due to thee great social programming. These countries are prime examples of true socialist democracies as the tax fund they collect are well allocated into taking care of the more important thing in the countrys. Great amounts of the tax payers money of these Scandinavian countries go into things such as education which is why countries like Norway and Finland are among the top 10 most educated in the world (McMillan, 2014). Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland are also among the few countries that provide a free post- secondary education in the whole world (McMillan, 2014). The ability effectively take care of bigger issues such as education and social funds and till be able to provide a desirable safe destination for those who fail to comply to the law shows just what a great nations Scandinavia has. This proves that Food Dostoevsky was indeed correct when he stated You can judge a society by how they treat their prisoners, However not all countries put such emphasis on treating their prisoners well as the nations Of Scandinavia do. Though prisoners did fail to comply with the law this does not defeat the fact that they are human beings that are entitled to a certain standard of living. It is quite unfortunate that this is not the case in countries such as Russia and North Korea. Russia has 3 of the worlds worst prisons, the first Vladimir Central Prison (STATION, 2013). This prison it became infamous foot housing political prisoners during the Soviet Union era (STATION, 2013). Nowadays the overcrowded and disease-infested prison is known for the sadistic abuse that the inmates receive from the guards (STATION, 2013). Prisoners are forced out of their cells, ordered to put their hands on the wall and given beatings so severe that they have to be dragged back to their cells, while others result in deaths (STATION, 2013). As if this isnt enough, they re also ordered to beat each other. The second, Butyric Prison, this prison i: the largest central transit prison of Moscow is known for its brutality. It held 20,000 inmates during the Great Purge and thousands of them were executed after investigations (STATION, 2013). Its administration also resorted to violence every time the inmates tried to protest against anything (STATION, 2013). Besides the problem of overcrowding, as there could be u to 100 inmates in cells intended only for 10 people, it is extremely hot in the summer and also has problems with epidemics such as AIDS and tuberculosis STATION, 2013). The third and worst of them all is PETA Island Prison, this prison is isolated by the White Lake and was built to hold the most dangerous: prisoners (STATION, 2013). Though they never have to fear violence from the guards or their inmates, the restricted life of living in cages and in isolation, with no lavatories nor washing facilities surrounded by freezing cold water and snow, leaves the prisoners to deteriorate and become psychologically devastated (STATION, 2013). The conditions that the inmates of these prisons have to go through is treacherous, inmates in these prisons loud consider even some of the worst North American prisons soft compared to what they are put through in these prisons. To further prove the validity Food Dostoevsky quotation, Russia has been known to be part of some undesirable business. The Ukraine situation were many innocent lives were lost due to Russia trying to take over their country for its resources, and their leader Vladimir Putting being part of a number of conspiracy theories in his now 15 years in charge of Russia (Taylor, 2012). This again prove that is very possible to judge a society by how it treats its prisoners, Russia treats its rissoles brutishly and through the situation with the Ukraine it can be seen that the government of Russia is simply brutish in general. North Korea is home to the world worst prison called camp 22. The notorious Yearlong Concentration Camp, which has gained international attention in 2012 after its warden defected to China, was an isolated prison for political prisoners and has been in operation since 1965. A large compound that holds 50,000 prisoners, it was claimed that three generations of dissident families have been imprisoned there to completely remove the roots (STATION, 2013). In addition, the death camp has subjected inmates to extreme torture and human experimentation where they become lab rats for biological weapons like anthrax, bomb testing, and other brutalities (STATION, 2013). This prison shows just how sick the ruler of North Korea must be. To be aware of the testing of bomb and special gases use in warfare of people some of which are locked up for simple being related to someone who had once committed a crime is simple twisted. To no surprise North Korea is run by a dictator and may very well have the worst international relations in the world (fisher, 2014). Everything with relation to Edie is censored, the citizens of North Korea are not able to leave without special authorization for their leader and the quality of life in their country is very poor (fisher, 2014). There is no freedom of speech therefore speaking out against the government can quite easily get one killed (fisher, 2014). North Korea has very little trading partner due to the disagreement in political matters with most countries which leads to poverty among the citizens of North Korea as they have little market to trade resources they are abundant in (fisher, 2014). Again a correlation between the mistreatment of prisoners ND the mistreatment of people in society in general are evident in North Korea further proving that Food Dostoevsky words were very much valid. All and all, it is evident that societies can very well be judged by how well the treat their prisoners as stated by Food Dostoevsky. It has been seen that the better the prisoners in society are treated the less risk of them refunding. This is clearly evident in the Scandinavian open prison system which allows Inmates more freedom and results in greater success rate for those being rehabilitated back into society. Also in correlation to the excellent orison system these Scandinavian countries are also able to put great emphasis on things such as social funds, healthcare and education in order better their society as a whole. Though there are some countries that treat prisoners like human being unfortunately there are still others that treat them like animals. Countries such as Russia and North Korea are home to some of the worst prisons in the world known for things such as the beating of inmates, overcrowding and other discrepancies. They are also home to some of the most none desirable societies in the world today also.

The Louis Vuitton Market Strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Louis Vuitton Market Strategy - Case Study Example Company's efficiency of a finely tuned machine, fueled by ever-increasing productivity in design and manufacturing as Vuitton grows ever-bigger, the ability to step up advertising and global expansion without denting the bottom line. According to competitors who tried to surpass Vuitton stated that their operating metrics are second to none. The fine equilibrium between tradition and innovation reflects in the products of Louis Vuitton. The company has consistently pursued a luxury pricing strategy, which means high markups, limited availability, and few if any markdowns. Louis Vuitton sells its products only through a global network of company-owned stores. This keeps margins high and allows the company to maintain control of its products through every step in the channel. Louis Vuitton uses demographic targeting strategy to target their customers, men as well as women of various age ranges. The financial crisis going on would not disturb world's luxury brands as the luxury goods co nsumers are well-positioned enough that they just are not at risk to face such factors. Louis Vuitton opened its first store in China at Palace Hotel in Beijing in 1992. Company has the realization that the Chinese were sophisticated and soon they will be the biggest superpower. Chinese thinks that luxury fashion means the eminent elegance, high quality, taste, and expansive which in turn direct the destination of the trend in the region of China. Louis Vuitton has pursued a consistent approach to develop the market in China, never compromising in the face of difficult operational obstacles, and, as always, controlling every aspect of the business. This unique approach has powered Louis Vuitton to its current position as the most successful luxury brand in China. "Mythologizing Louis Vuitton's service" means, to identify and achieve the objectives and the challenges faced for improving the quality of customer service at each store to enhance customer satisfaction. This recognition of each customer's satisfaction positively affects the brand's reputation, which in turn determines the brand's value. METHODOLOGY Interbrand's methodology is a vital action that evaluates brand value on the basis of how much it is likely to earn for the company in the future. Interbrand uses a combination of analysts' projections, company financial documents, and it's own qualitative and quantitative analysis to arrive at a net present value of those earnings. The research methodology and design process would involve primary as well as secondary sources for bringing about substantial studies that are literature based and theoretically inclined for which such research methods utilized may truly serve its first hand purpose for this study. Mostly, research plan spells out the nature of the research to be conducted and includes an explanation of such things as the sample design, measures, and analysis techniques to be used. Three critical issues that